"erbaid" meaning in All languages combined

See erbaid on Wiktionary

Verb [Old Irish]

IPA: /ˈeɾ.bəðʲ/
Etymology: Probably from Proto-Celtic *erbyeti or *erbeti (“to entrust”). Cognate with Old Irish orb (“heir”), Latin orbus (“bereft, parentless”), Ancient Greek ὀρφανός (orphanós, “orphan”), Gothic 𐌰𐍂𐌱𐌾𐌰 (arbja, “inheritance”), if the root of these words is Proto-Indo-European *h₁erbʰ- (“to bequeath”) rather than *h₃erbʰ- as traditionally reconstructed. However, the latter reconstruction can be retained if Pedersen is correct that the Old Irish verb comes not from Proto-Celtic *erbyeti but rather from *ɸare-orbyeti, with reinterpretation of the expected prototonic *·air’rbai as a simple conjunct ·erbai with new absolute forms built to it. Etymology templates: {{root|sga|ine-pro|*h₃erbʰ-}}, {{inh|sga|cel-pro||*erbyeti}} Proto-Celtic *erbyeti, {{m+|sga|orb|t=heir}} Old Irish orb (“heir”), {{cog|la|orbus|t=bereft, parentless}} Latin orbus (“bereft, parentless”), {{cog|grc|ὀρφανός|t=orphan}} Ancient Greek ὀρφανός (orphanós, “orphan”), {{cog|got|𐌰𐍂𐌱𐌾𐌰|t=inheritance}} Gothic 𐌰𐍂𐌱𐌾𐌰 (arbja, “inheritance”), {{der|sga|ine-pro|*h₁erbʰ-|t=to bequeath}} Proto-Indo-European *h₁erbʰ- (“to bequeath”), {{m+|cel-pro|*erbyeti}} Proto-Celtic *erbyeti Head templates: {{head|sga|verb|conjunct|·erbai||{{{conj2}}}||{{{prot}}}||{{{prot2}}}|verbal noun|erbud||{{{2}}}|altform=|head=}} erbaid (conjunct ·erbai, verbal noun erbud), {{sga-verb|erbud|conj=·erbai}} erbaid (conjunct ·erbai, verbal noun erbud) Inflection templates: {{sga-conj-simple|future_3s_conj=·eirbea, ·erba|future_class=f|imperative_2p=erpid|imperfect_3p=·erbt(a)is|pastsubj_1s=·erbainn|perfect_3p_deut=ro·eirpset|perfect_3s_prot=·re(i)rb, ·rerp|perfect_pp_deut=ro·airptha|perfect_ps_deut=ro·erbad|present_1s_conj=·érpimm|present_2s_conj=·erpi|present_3p_conj=·erbat|present_3s_abso=erbaid|present_3s_abso2=eirbthi|present_3s_abso2_q=with suffixed pronoun <i class="Latn mention nowrap" lang="sga">-i</i>|present_3s_conj=·erbai|present_class=A II|preterite_3p_conj=·eirpset|preterite_3s_abso=erpais|preterite_class=s|preterite_pp_conj=·airptha|preterite_ps_conj=·erbad|subjunctive_2p_conj=·irpaid|subjunctive_class=a|subjunctive_ps_rel=erpther|verbal_noun=erbud}}, {{sga-mutation}} Forms: ·erbai [conjunct], erbud [noun-from-verb], no-table-tags [table-tags], erbaid [active, error-unrecognized-form, indicative, present, singular, third-person], eirbthi [active, error-unrecognized-form, indicative, present, singular, third-person], ·érpimm [active, error-unrecognized-form, first-person, indicative, present, singular], ·erpi [active, error-unrecognized-form, indicative, present, second-person, singular], ·erbai [active, error-unrecognized-form, indicative, present, singular, third-person], ·erbat [active, error-unrecognized-form, indicative, plural, present, third-person], ·erbtis [active, error-unrecognized-form, plural, third-person], ·erbtais [active, error-unrecognized-form, plural, third-person], erpais [active, error-unrecognized-form, preterite, singular, third-person], ·eirpset [active, error-unrecognized-form, plural, preterite, third-person], ·erbad [error-unrecognized-form, passive, preterite, singular], ·airptha [error-unrecognized-form, passive, plural, preterite], ro·eirpset [active, error-unrecognized-form, perfect, plural, third-person], ro·erbad [error-unrecognized-form, passive, perfect, singular], ro·airptha [error-unrecognized-form, passive, perfect, plural], ·rerb [active, error-unrecognized-form, perfect, singular, third-person], ·reirb [active, error-unrecognized-form, perfect, singular, third-person], ·rerp [active, error-unrecognized-form, perfect, singular, third-person], ·eirbea [active, error-unrecognized-form, future, singular, third-person], ·erba [active, error-unrecognized-form, future, singular, third-person], ·irpaid [active, error-unrecognized-form, plural, present, second-person, subjunctive], erpther [error-unrecognized-form, passive, present, singular, subjunctive], ·erbainn [active, first-person, past, singular, subjunctive], erpid [active, imperative, plural, second-person], erbud [active, conditional, first-person, noun-from-verb, singular], no-table-tags [table-tags], erbaid [error-unrecognized-form], pronounced with /h/ in h-prothesis environments [error-unrecognized-form], n-erbaid [error-unrecognized-form]
  1. to entrust (with do or fri + the people entrusted) Synonyms: ad·noí, do·imnai, léicid
    Sense id: en-erbaid-sga-verb-cSxH-ou3 Categories (other): Old Irish entries with incorrect language header, Pages with 1 entry, Pages with entries, Human behaviour Disambiguation of Old Irish entries with incorrect language header: 77 23 Disambiguation of Pages with 1 entry: 78 22 Disambiguation of Pages with entries: 85 15 Disambiguation of Human behaviour: 100 0
  2. to trust
    Sense id: en-erbaid-sga-verb-wN5g6xm3
The following are not (yet) sense-disambiguated
Derived forms: con·erbai

Inflected forms

{
  "derived": [
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "con·erbai"
    }
  ],
  "descendants": [
    {
      "lang": "Irish",
      "lang_code": "ga",
      "word": "earb"
    },
    {
      "lang": "Scottish Gaelic",
      "lang_code": "gd",
      "word": "earb"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "sga",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*h₃erbʰ-"
      },
      "expansion": "",
      "name": "root"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "sga",
        "2": "cel-pro",
        "3": "",
        "4": "*erbyeti"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Celtic *erbyeti",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "sga",
        "2": "orb",
        "t": "heir"
      },
      "expansion": "Old Irish orb (“heir”)",
      "name": "m+"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "la",
        "2": "orbus",
        "t": "bereft, parentless"
      },
      "expansion": "Latin orbus (“bereft, parentless”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "grc",
        "2": "ὀρφανός",
        "t": "orphan"
      },
      "expansion": "Ancient Greek ὀρφανός (orphanós, “orphan”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "got",
        "2": "𐌰𐍂𐌱𐌾𐌰",
        "t": "inheritance"
      },
      "expansion": "Gothic 𐌰𐍂𐌱𐌾𐌰 (arbja, “inheritance”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "sga",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*h₁erbʰ-",
        "t": "to bequeath"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *h₁erbʰ- (“to bequeath”)",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "cel-pro",
        "2": "*erbyeti"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Celtic *erbyeti",
      "name": "m+"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Probably from Proto-Celtic *erbyeti or *erbeti (“to entrust”). Cognate with Old Irish orb (“heir”), Latin orbus (“bereft, parentless”), Ancient Greek ὀρφανός (orphanós, “orphan”), Gothic 𐌰𐍂𐌱𐌾𐌰 (arbja, “inheritance”), if the root of these words is Proto-Indo-European *h₁erbʰ- (“to bequeath”) rather than *h₃erbʰ- as traditionally reconstructed. However, the latter reconstruction can be retained if Pedersen is correct that the Old Irish verb comes not from Proto-Celtic *erbyeti but rather from *ɸare-orbyeti, with reinterpretation of the expected prototonic *·air’rbai as a simple conjunct ·erbai with new absolute forms built to it.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "·erbai",
      "tags": [
        "conjunct"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "erbud",
      "tags": [
        "noun-from-verb"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sga-conj-simple",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "erbaid",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "error-unrecognized-form",
        "indicative",
        "present",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "eirbthi",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "error-unrecognized-form",
        "indicative",
        "present",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "·érpimm",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "error-unrecognized-form",
        "first-person",
        "indicative",
        "present",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "·erpi",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "error-unrecognized-form",
        "indicative",
        "present",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "·erbai",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "error-unrecognized-form",
        "indicative",
        "present",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "·erbat",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "error-unrecognized-form",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "present",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "·erbtis",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "error-unrecognized-form",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "·erbtais",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "error-unrecognized-form",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "erpais",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "error-unrecognized-form",
        "preterite",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "·eirpset",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "error-unrecognized-form",
        "plural",
        "preterite",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "·erbad",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form",
        "passive",
        "preterite",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "·airptha",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form",
        "passive",
        "plural",
        "preterite"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ro·eirpset",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "error-unrecognized-form",
        "perfect",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ro·erbad",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form",
        "passive",
        "perfect",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ro·airptha",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form",
        "passive",
        "perfect",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "·rerb",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "error-unrecognized-form",
        "perfect",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "·reirb",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "error-unrecognized-form",
        "perfect",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "·rerp",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "error-unrecognized-form",
        "perfect",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "·eirbea",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "error-unrecognized-form",
        "future",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "·erba",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "error-unrecognized-form",
        "future",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "·irpaid",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "error-unrecognized-form",
        "plural",
        "present",
        "second-person",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "erpther",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form",
        "passive",
        "present",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "·erbainn",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "first-person",
        "past",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "erpid",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "imperative",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "erbud",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "conditional",
        "first-person",
        "noun-from-verb",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "mutation",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sga-mutation",
      "source": "mutation",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "erbaid",
      "source": "mutation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pronounced with /h/ in h-prothesis environments",
      "source": "mutation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "n-erbaid",
      "source": "mutation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "sga",
        "10": "{{{prot2}}}",
        "11": "verbal noun",
        "12": "erbud",
        "13": "",
        "14": "{{{2}}}",
        "2": "verb",
        "3": "conjunct",
        "4": "·erbai",
        "5": "",
        "6": "{{{conj2}}}",
        "7": "",
        "8": "{{{prot}}}",
        "9": "",
        "altform": "",
        "head": ""
      },
      "expansion": "erbaid (conjunct ·erbai, verbal noun erbud)",
      "name": "head"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "erbud",
        "conj": "·erbai"
      },
      "expansion": "erbaid (conjunct ·erbai, verbal noun erbud)",
      "name": "sga-verb"
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "future_3s_conj": "·eirbea, ·erba",
        "future_class": "f",
        "imperative_2p": "erpid",
        "imperfect_3p": "·erbt(a)is",
        "pastsubj_1s": "·erbainn",
        "perfect_3p_deut": "ro·eirpset",
        "perfect_3s_prot": "·re(i)rb, ·rerp",
        "perfect_pp_deut": "ro·airptha",
        "perfect_ps_deut": "ro·erbad",
        "present_1s_conj": "·érpimm",
        "present_2s_conj": "·erpi",
        "present_3p_conj": "·erbat",
        "present_3s_abso": "erbaid",
        "present_3s_abso2": "eirbthi",
        "present_3s_abso2_q": "with suffixed pronoun <i class=\"Latn mention nowrap\" lang=\"sga\">-i</i>",
        "present_3s_conj": "·erbai",
        "present_class": "A II",
        "preterite_3p_conj": "·eirpset",
        "preterite_3s_abso": "erpais",
        "preterite_class": "s",
        "preterite_pp_conj": "·airptha",
        "preterite_ps_conj": "·erbad",
        "subjunctive_2p_conj": "·irpaid",
        "subjunctive_class": "a",
        "subjunctive_ps_rel": "erpther",
        "verbal_noun": "erbud"
      },
      "name": "sga-conj-simple"
    },
    {
      "args": {},
      "name": "sga-mutation"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Old Irish",
  "lang_code": "sga",
  "pos": "verb",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "77 23",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Old Irish entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "78 22",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with 1 entry",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "85 15",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with entries",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "100 0",
          "kind": "other",
          "langcode": "sga",
          "name": "Human behaviour",
          "orig": "sga:Human behaviour",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "bold_text_offsets": [
            [
              7,
              15
            ]
          ],
          "bold_translation_offsets": [
            [
              13,
              26
            ]
          ],
          "english": "This is what was entrusted to me for my sustenance.",
          "text": "is hed ro·erpad dom dom thoschid",
          "translation": "This is what was entrusted to me for my sustenance.",
          "type": "example"
        },
        {
          "bold_text_offsets": [
            [
              67,
              75
            ]
          ],
          "bold_translation_offsets": [
            [
              89,
              98
            ]
          ],
          "english": "You have believed the testimony that we have testified unto you of Doomsday, or, we were entrusted to bear testimony of you on Doomsday.",
          "text": "ro·creitsid-si a forcell forro·gelsam-ni dúib di laithiu brátho ɫ. ro·erbad dún-ni forcell do·thabirt díb-si i llaithiu bratho",
          "translation": "You have believed the testimony that we have testified unto you of Doomsday, or, we were entrusted to bear testimony of you on Doomsday.",
          "type": "example"
        },
        {
          "bold_text_offsets": [
            [
              14,
              24
            ]
          ],
          "bold_translation_offsets": [
            [
              13,
              27
            ]
          ],
          "english": "as they have been entrusted to them",
          "text": "amal as friss ro·airptha",
          "translation": "as they have been entrusted to them",
          "type": "example"
        },
        {
          "bold_text_offsets": [
            [
              17,
              23
            ]
          ],
          "bold_translation_offsets": [
            [
              44,
              48
            ]
          ],
          "english": "It is hereafter that [Fingin] the physician gave him [Cethern] a choice: a year-long illness after which [Cethern] can get help, or strength (effective immediately) for three days and three nights to use on his enemies.",
          "ref": "c. 700–800, Táin Bó Cúailnge; from the Yellow Book of Lecan, published in The Táin Bó Cúailnge from the Yellow Book of Lecan, with variant readings from the Lebor na hUidre (1912, Dublin: Hodges, Figgis, and Co.), edited by John Strachan and James George O'Keeffe , TBC-I 2865:",
          "text": "Is and-sin iarum erpais in leig togu dó, imbad buith fora huthar co cend mbliadna ⁊ beathu dó iarum, fa nert trí lá ⁊ trí n-aidchi fochétóir do imbirt fora náimdib.",
          "translation": "It is hereafter that [Fingin] the physician gave him [Cethern] a choice: a year-long illness after which [Cethern] can get help, or strength (effective immediately) for three days and three nights to use on his enemies.",
          "type": "quotation"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "to entrust (with do or fri + the people entrusted)"
      ],
      "id": "en-erbaid-sga-verb-cSxH-ou3",
      "links": [
        [
          "entrust",
          "entrust"
        ],
        [
          "do",
          "do#Old_Irish"
        ],
        [
          "fri",
          "fri#Old_Irish"
        ]
      ],
      "synonyms": [
        {
          "word": "ad·noí"
        },
        {
          "word": "do·imnai"
        },
        {
          "word": "léicid"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [],
      "examples": [
        {
          "bold_text_offsets": [
            [
              88,
              97
            ]
          ],
          "bold_translation_offsets": [
            [
              102,
              112
            ]
          ],
          "english": "When David says, “I will give thee understanding”, that is a sign that God will give to everyone that will trust in him, and work through him, that he may know what evil he must avoid doing, and what good he must do. He has then here a reply in the person of God.",
          "text": "In tan as·mber Dauid “intellectum tibi dabo”, sech is arde són do·mbéra Día do neuch nod·n-eirbea ind ⁊ génas triit con·festar cid as imgabthi do dénum di ulc ⁊ cid as déinti dó di maith. Aithesc trá lesom insin a persin Dǽ.",
          "translation": "When David says, “I will give thee understanding”, that is a sign that God will give to everyone that will trust in him, and work through him, that he may know what evil he must avoid doing, and what good he must do. He has then here a reply in the person of God.",
          "type": "example"
        },
        {
          "bold_text_offsets": [
            [
              14,
              21
            ]
          ],
          "english": "it is not in himself that he trusts, and it is not to himself that he ascribes whatever he does, but it is to God",
          "text": "ní ind ḟessin eirbthi, ⁊ nách dó du·aisilbi na nní do·gní, acht is do Dia",
          "translation": "it is not in himself that he trusts, and it is not to himself that he ascribes whatever he does, but it is to God",
          "type": "example"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "to trust"
      ],
      "id": "en-erbaid-sga-verb-wN5g6xm3",
      "links": [
        [
          "trust",
          "trust"
        ]
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈeɾ.bəðʲ/"
    },
    {
      "note": "Blasse",
      "other": "[ˈeɾ.bɪðʲ]"
    },
    {
      "note": "Griffith",
      "other": "[ˈeɾ.bɨðʲ]"
    }
  ],
  "word": "erbaid"
}
{
  "categories": [
    "Old Irish a subjunctive verbs",
    "Old Irish class A II present verbs",
    "Old Irish entries with incorrect language header",
    "Old Irish f future verbs",
    "Old Irish lemmas",
    "Old Irish s preterite verbs",
    "Old Irish simple verbs",
    "Old Irish terms derived from Proto-Celtic",
    "Old Irish terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
    "Old Irish terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *h₃erbʰ-",
    "Old Irish terms inherited from Proto-Celtic",
    "Old Irish terms with IPA pronunciation",
    "Old Irish verbs",
    "Pages with 1 entry",
    "Pages with entries",
    "sga:Human behaviour"
  ],
  "derived": [
    {
      "word": "con·erbai"
    }
  ],
  "descendants": [
    {
      "lang": "Irish",
      "lang_code": "ga",
      "word": "earb"
    },
    {
      "lang": "Scottish Gaelic",
      "lang_code": "gd",
      "word": "earb"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "sga",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*h₃erbʰ-"
      },
      "expansion": "",
      "name": "root"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "sga",
        "2": "cel-pro",
        "3": "",
        "4": "*erbyeti"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Celtic *erbyeti",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "sga",
        "2": "orb",
        "t": "heir"
      },
      "expansion": "Old Irish orb (“heir”)",
      "name": "m+"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "la",
        "2": "orbus",
        "t": "bereft, parentless"
      },
      "expansion": "Latin orbus (“bereft, parentless”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "grc",
        "2": "ὀρφανός",
        "t": "orphan"
      },
      "expansion": "Ancient Greek ὀρφανός (orphanós, “orphan”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "got",
        "2": "𐌰𐍂𐌱𐌾𐌰",
        "t": "inheritance"
      },
      "expansion": "Gothic 𐌰𐍂𐌱𐌾𐌰 (arbja, “inheritance”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "sga",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*h₁erbʰ-",
        "t": "to bequeath"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *h₁erbʰ- (“to bequeath”)",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "cel-pro",
        "2": "*erbyeti"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Celtic *erbyeti",
      "name": "m+"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Probably from Proto-Celtic *erbyeti or *erbeti (“to entrust”). Cognate with Old Irish orb (“heir”), Latin orbus (“bereft, parentless”), Ancient Greek ὀρφανός (orphanós, “orphan”), Gothic 𐌰𐍂𐌱𐌾𐌰 (arbja, “inheritance”), if the root of these words is Proto-Indo-European *h₁erbʰ- (“to bequeath”) rather than *h₃erbʰ- as traditionally reconstructed. However, the latter reconstruction can be retained if Pedersen is correct that the Old Irish verb comes not from Proto-Celtic *erbyeti but rather from *ɸare-orbyeti, with reinterpretation of the expected prototonic *·air’rbai as a simple conjunct ·erbai with new absolute forms built to it.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "·erbai",
      "tags": [
        "conjunct"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "erbud",
      "tags": [
        "noun-from-verb"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sga-conj-simple",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "erbaid",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "error-unrecognized-form",
        "indicative",
        "present",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "eirbthi",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "error-unrecognized-form",
        "indicative",
        "present",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "·érpimm",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "error-unrecognized-form",
        "first-person",
        "indicative",
        "present",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "·erpi",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "error-unrecognized-form",
        "indicative",
        "present",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "·erbai",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "error-unrecognized-form",
        "indicative",
        "present",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "·erbat",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "error-unrecognized-form",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "present",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "·erbtis",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "error-unrecognized-form",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "·erbtais",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "error-unrecognized-form",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "erpais",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "error-unrecognized-form",
        "preterite",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "·eirpset",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "error-unrecognized-form",
        "plural",
        "preterite",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "·erbad",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form",
        "passive",
        "preterite",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "·airptha",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form",
        "passive",
        "plural",
        "preterite"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ro·eirpset",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "error-unrecognized-form",
        "perfect",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ro·erbad",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form",
        "passive",
        "perfect",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ro·airptha",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form",
        "passive",
        "perfect",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "·rerb",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "error-unrecognized-form",
        "perfect",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "·reirb",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "error-unrecognized-form",
        "perfect",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "·rerp",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "error-unrecognized-form",
        "perfect",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "·eirbea",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "error-unrecognized-form",
        "future",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "·erba",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "error-unrecognized-form",
        "future",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "·irpaid",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "error-unrecognized-form",
        "plural",
        "present",
        "second-person",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "erpther",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form",
        "passive",
        "present",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "·erbainn",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "first-person",
        "past",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "erpid",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "imperative",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "erbud",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "conditional",
        "first-person",
        "noun-from-verb",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "mutation",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sga-mutation",
      "source": "mutation",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "erbaid",
      "source": "mutation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pronounced with /h/ in h-prothesis environments",
      "source": "mutation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "n-erbaid",
      "source": "mutation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "sga",
        "10": "{{{prot2}}}",
        "11": "verbal noun",
        "12": "erbud",
        "13": "",
        "14": "{{{2}}}",
        "2": "verb",
        "3": "conjunct",
        "4": "·erbai",
        "5": "",
        "6": "{{{conj2}}}",
        "7": "",
        "8": "{{{prot}}}",
        "9": "",
        "altform": "",
        "head": ""
      },
      "expansion": "erbaid (conjunct ·erbai, verbal noun erbud)",
      "name": "head"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "erbud",
        "conj": "·erbai"
      },
      "expansion": "erbaid (conjunct ·erbai, verbal noun erbud)",
      "name": "sga-verb"
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "future_3s_conj": "·eirbea, ·erba",
        "future_class": "f",
        "imperative_2p": "erpid",
        "imperfect_3p": "·erbt(a)is",
        "pastsubj_1s": "·erbainn",
        "perfect_3p_deut": "ro·eirpset",
        "perfect_3s_prot": "·re(i)rb, ·rerp",
        "perfect_pp_deut": "ro·airptha",
        "perfect_ps_deut": "ro·erbad",
        "present_1s_conj": "·érpimm",
        "present_2s_conj": "·erpi",
        "present_3p_conj": "·erbat",
        "present_3s_abso": "erbaid",
        "present_3s_abso2": "eirbthi",
        "present_3s_abso2_q": "with suffixed pronoun <i class=\"Latn mention nowrap\" lang=\"sga\">-i</i>",
        "present_3s_conj": "·erbai",
        "present_class": "A II",
        "preterite_3p_conj": "·eirpset",
        "preterite_3s_abso": "erpais",
        "preterite_class": "s",
        "preterite_pp_conj": "·airptha",
        "preterite_ps_conj": "·erbad",
        "subjunctive_2p_conj": "·irpaid",
        "subjunctive_class": "a",
        "subjunctive_ps_rel": "erpther",
        "verbal_noun": "erbud"
      },
      "name": "sga-conj-simple"
    },
    {
      "args": {},
      "name": "sga-mutation"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Old Irish",
  "lang_code": "sga",
  "pos": "verb",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        "Old Irish terms with quotations"
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "bold_text_offsets": [
            [
              7,
              15
            ]
          ],
          "bold_translation_offsets": [
            [
              13,
              26
            ]
          ],
          "english": "This is what was entrusted to me for my sustenance.",
          "text": "is hed ro·erpad dom dom thoschid",
          "translation": "This is what was entrusted to me for my sustenance.",
          "type": "example"
        },
        {
          "bold_text_offsets": [
            [
              67,
              75
            ]
          ],
          "bold_translation_offsets": [
            [
              89,
              98
            ]
          ],
          "english": "You have believed the testimony that we have testified unto you of Doomsday, or, we were entrusted to bear testimony of you on Doomsday.",
          "text": "ro·creitsid-si a forcell forro·gelsam-ni dúib di laithiu brátho ɫ. ro·erbad dún-ni forcell do·thabirt díb-si i llaithiu bratho",
          "translation": "You have believed the testimony that we have testified unto you of Doomsday, or, we were entrusted to bear testimony of you on Doomsday.",
          "type": "example"
        },
        {
          "bold_text_offsets": [
            [
              14,
              24
            ]
          ],
          "bold_translation_offsets": [
            [
              13,
              27
            ]
          ],
          "english": "as they have been entrusted to them",
          "text": "amal as friss ro·airptha",
          "translation": "as they have been entrusted to them",
          "type": "example"
        },
        {
          "bold_text_offsets": [
            [
              17,
              23
            ]
          ],
          "bold_translation_offsets": [
            [
              44,
              48
            ]
          ],
          "english": "It is hereafter that [Fingin] the physician gave him [Cethern] a choice: a year-long illness after which [Cethern] can get help, or strength (effective immediately) for three days and three nights to use on his enemies.",
          "ref": "c. 700–800, Táin Bó Cúailnge; from the Yellow Book of Lecan, published in The Táin Bó Cúailnge from the Yellow Book of Lecan, with variant readings from the Lebor na hUidre (1912, Dublin: Hodges, Figgis, and Co.), edited by John Strachan and James George O'Keeffe , TBC-I 2865:",
          "text": "Is and-sin iarum erpais in leig togu dó, imbad buith fora huthar co cend mbliadna ⁊ beathu dó iarum, fa nert trí lá ⁊ trí n-aidchi fochétóir do imbirt fora náimdib.",
          "translation": "It is hereafter that [Fingin] the physician gave him [Cethern] a choice: a year-long illness after which [Cethern] can get help, or strength (effective immediately) for three days and three nights to use on his enemies.",
          "type": "quotation"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "to entrust (with do or fri + the people entrusted)"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "entrust",
          "entrust"
        ],
        [
          "do",
          "do#Old_Irish"
        ],
        [
          "fri",
          "fri#Old_Irish"
        ]
      ],
      "synonyms": [
        {
          "word": "ad·noí"
        },
        {
          "word": "do·imnai"
        },
        {
          "word": "léicid"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "Old Irish terms with quotations"
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "bold_text_offsets": [
            [
              88,
              97
            ]
          ],
          "bold_translation_offsets": [
            [
              102,
              112
            ]
          ],
          "english": "When David says, “I will give thee understanding”, that is a sign that God will give to everyone that will trust in him, and work through him, that he may know what evil he must avoid doing, and what good he must do. He has then here a reply in the person of God.",
          "text": "In tan as·mber Dauid “intellectum tibi dabo”, sech is arde són do·mbéra Día do neuch nod·n-eirbea ind ⁊ génas triit con·festar cid as imgabthi do dénum di ulc ⁊ cid as déinti dó di maith. Aithesc trá lesom insin a persin Dǽ.",
          "translation": "When David says, “I will give thee understanding”, that is a sign that God will give to everyone that will trust in him, and work through him, that he may know what evil he must avoid doing, and what good he must do. He has then here a reply in the person of God.",
          "type": "example"
        },
        {
          "bold_text_offsets": [
            [
              14,
              21
            ]
          ],
          "english": "it is not in himself that he trusts, and it is not to himself that he ascribes whatever he does, but it is to God",
          "text": "ní ind ḟessin eirbthi, ⁊ nách dó du·aisilbi na nní do·gní, acht is do Dia",
          "translation": "it is not in himself that he trusts, and it is not to himself that he ascribes whatever he does, but it is to God",
          "type": "example"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "to trust"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "trust",
          "trust"
        ]
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈeɾ.bəðʲ/"
    },
    {
      "note": "Blasse",
      "other": "[ˈeɾ.bɪðʲ]"
    },
    {
      "note": "Griffith",
      "other": "[ˈeɾ.bɨðʲ]"
    }
  ],
  "word": "erbaid"
}

Download raw JSONL data for erbaid meaning in All languages combined (11.7kB)

{
  "called_from": "inflection/735",
  "msg": "inflection table: unrecognized header: 'abs.'",
  "path": [
    "erbaid"
  ],
  "section": "Old Irish",
  "subsection": "verb",
  "title": "erbaid",
  "trace": ""
}

{
  "called_from": "inflection/735",
  "msg": "inflection table: unrecognized header: 'conj.'",
  "path": [
    "erbaid"
  ],
  "section": "Old Irish",
  "subsection": "verb",
  "title": "erbaid",
  "trace": ""
}

{
  "called_from": "inflection/735",
  "msg": "inflection table: unrecognized header: 'rel.'",
  "path": [
    "erbaid"
  ],
  "section": "Old Irish",
  "subsection": "verb",
  "title": "erbaid",
  "trace": ""
}

{
  "called_from": "inflection/735",
  "msg": "inflection table: unrecognized header: 'imperfect indicative'",
  "path": [
    "erbaid"
  ],
  "section": "Old Irish",
  "subsection": "verb",
  "title": "erbaid",
  "trace": ""
}

{
  "called_from": "inflection/735",
  "msg": "inflection table: unrecognized header: 'abs.'",
  "path": [
    "erbaid"
  ],
  "section": "Old Irish",
  "subsection": "verb",
  "title": "erbaid",
  "trace": ""
}

{
  "called_from": "inflection/735",
  "msg": "inflection table: unrecognized header: 'conj.'",
  "path": [
    "erbaid"
  ],
  "section": "Old Irish",
  "subsection": "verb",
  "title": "erbaid",
  "trace": ""
}

{
  "called_from": "inflection/735",
  "msg": "inflection table: unrecognized header: 'rel.'",
  "path": [
    "erbaid"
  ],
  "section": "Old Irish",
  "subsection": "verb",
  "title": "erbaid",
  "trace": ""
}

{
  "called_from": "inflection/735",
  "msg": "inflection table: unrecognized header: 'deut.'",
  "path": [
    "erbaid"
  ],
  "section": "Old Irish",
  "subsection": "verb",
  "title": "erbaid",
  "trace": ""
}

{
  "called_from": "inflection/735",
  "msg": "inflection table: unrecognized header: 'prot.'",
  "path": [
    "erbaid"
  ],
  "section": "Old Irish",
  "subsection": "verb",
  "title": "erbaid",
  "trace": ""
}

{
  "called_from": "inflection/735",
  "msg": "inflection table: unrecognized header: 'abs.'",
  "path": [
    "erbaid"
  ],
  "section": "Old Irish",
  "subsection": "verb",
  "title": "erbaid",
  "trace": ""
}

{
  "called_from": "inflection/735",
  "msg": "inflection table: unrecognized header: 'conj.'",
  "path": [
    "erbaid"
  ],
  "section": "Old Irish",
  "subsection": "verb",
  "title": "erbaid",
  "trace": ""
}

{
  "called_from": "inflection/735",
  "msg": "inflection table: unrecognized header: 'rel.'",
  "path": [
    "erbaid"
  ],
  "section": "Old Irish",
  "subsection": "verb",
  "title": "erbaid",
  "trace": ""
}

{
  "called_from": "inflection/735",
  "msg": "inflection table: unrecognized header: 'abs.'",
  "path": [
    "erbaid"
  ],
  "section": "Old Irish",
  "subsection": "verb",
  "title": "erbaid",
  "trace": ""
}

{
  "called_from": "inflection/735",
  "msg": "inflection table: unrecognized header: 'conj.'",
  "path": [
    "erbaid"
  ],
  "section": "Old Irish",
  "subsection": "verb",
  "title": "erbaid",
  "trace": ""
}

{
  "called_from": "inflection/735",
  "msg": "inflection table: unrecognized header: 'rel.'",
  "path": [
    "erbaid"
  ],
  "section": "Old Irish",
  "subsection": "verb",
  "title": "erbaid",
  "trace": ""
}

{
  "called_from": "inflection/735",
  "msg": "inflection table: unrecognized header: 'verbal of necessity'",
  "path": [
    "erbaid"
  ],
  "section": "Old Irish",
  "subsection": "verb",
  "title": "erbaid",
  "trace": ""
}

{
  "called_from": "inflection/865",
  "msg": "inflection table: IF WITHOUT ELSE EVALS False: erbaid/Old Irish 'radical' base_tags=set()",
  "path": [
    "erbaid"
  ],
  "section": "Old Irish",
  "subsection": "verb",
  "title": "erbaid",
  "trace": ""
}

{
  "called_from": "inflection/735",
  "msg": "inflection table: unrecognized header: 'lenition'",
  "path": [
    "erbaid"
  ],
  "section": "Old Irish",
  "subsection": "verb",
  "title": "erbaid",
  "trace": ""
}

{
  "called_from": "inflection/735",
  "msg": "inflection table: unrecognized header: 'nasalization'",
  "path": [
    "erbaid"
  ],
  "section": "Old Irish",
  "subsection": "verb",
  "title": "erbaid",
  "trace": ""
}

This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2026-03-25 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2026-03-03 using wiktextract (05c257f and 9d9a410). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.